Portugal

Selection of Presidential Candidates in Europe

This chapter surveys the legal candidacy requirements for the selection of presidential candidates in Europe’s semi-presidential democracies before turning to a more detailed analysis of party processes for the selection of presidential candidates in …

Who fires ministers? A principal-agent approach to ministerial deselection

Despite extensive research on government and ministerial duration, there are still relatively few comparative studies of ministerial survival and accountability. This thesis uses the analytical tools provided by the agency theory to study the …